Fig. 5
From: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 activates Cx43 hemichannels and disturbs intracellular Ca2+ dynamics
Spike S1 elevates the release of ATP via Cx43 hemichannels. (A) Averaged data of ATP release normalized with the control condition (dashed line) by HeLa-parental, HeLa-Cx43GFP, HeLa-Cx43GFP/ACE2mCherry , or HeLa-ACE2mCherry cells, treated for 24 h with 50 pM spike S1. *p < 0.05, the effect of spike S1 compared to control (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test). (B) Averaged data of ATP release normalized with the control condition (dashed line) by HeLa-Cx43GFP/ACE2mCherry cells stimulated with 50 pM spike S1 for 24 h alone or plus 200 µM TAT-L2. *p < 0.05, the effect of spike S1 compared to control; #p < 0.05; effect of spike S1 vs. blockers 1 (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test). Data were obtained from at least three independent experiments with four repeats each