Fig. 1
Cardiac characteristics 1 week before TAC surgery (− 1), 2 weeks post TAC surgery (2), and 10 weeks post TAC whereas TACEX animals did 8 weeks of moderate training. Quantification of the left (LCCA, left graph) and right common carotid (RCCA, right graph) velocity (A), ejection fraction (B) and left ventricular (LV) volume (C) and posterior wall thickness (D) during diastolic (left) and systolic (right) phase using echocardiography. Mean ± SEM. n ≥ 11. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, vs. sham