Prenatal ethanol exposure and changes in fetal neuroendocrine metabolic programming

Liu, Liang; Wen, Yinxian; Ni, Qubo; Chen, Liaobin; Wang, Hui

doi:10.1186/s40659-023-00473-y

Biological Research

Table 2 Effects of PEE on epigenetic modifications of genes in multiple tissues

From: Prenatal ethanol exposure and changes in fetal neuroendocrine metabolic programming

Species	Periods	Dose	Tissue	Genes	Epigenetics	Outcomes	Generations	Reference
Human
	20 to 70.5 weeks postconception	–	Brain	–	Decreases in 5mC, H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac, H4K12ac, and H4K16ac	Stillbirth	F1	[140]
	gestation	205 ± 32.8 g/day	Cerebellum	TET1↓, GABRD↓	DNA hypermethylation	Regulating cerebellar pathophysiology	F1	[141]
Long-Evans Rats
	GD1–GD22	3.5 or 4.5 g/kg	Hippocampus	Dnmt1↑, Dnmt3a↑, MeCP2↑	DNA hypermethylation	Teratogenesis in the hippocampus	F1	[130, 142]
Wistar Rats
	GD9–GD20	4.0 g/kg	Liver	IGF1 P450scc	Low H3K9ac	Metabolic abnormalities	F1, F2	[127]
	GD9–GD20	4.0 g/kg	Adrenal glands	IGF1 P450scc	Low H3K9ac	Adrenal corticosterone synthesis dysfunction	F1, F2	[143]
Mice
	GD9–GD11	3.0 g/kg	Individual fetus	Throughout the genome	DNA hypomethylation	Developmental abnormalities	F1	[132]
	GD1.5–2.5/6.5	2.9 g/kg	Embryos and placentae	H19/ CTCF1	DNA hypomethylation	Growth retardation	F1	[144]
	GD10–GD18	0.5 g/kg	Tail/liver/tibialis anterior muscle/ sperm cell	H19	DNA hypomethylation	Decreased spermatogenesis	F1, F2	[137]
	GD8.25	88 mM	Embryo	Nlgn3, Elavl2, Sox21, Sim1	Hypomethylation	Abnormal fetal development	F1	[134]
	GD8.25	88 mM		Cyp4f13	Hypermethylation	Abnormal fetal development	F1	[134]
	GD12.5 for 5 days in vitro	13, 26, 70 mM	Neurosphere stem cell	Throughout the genome	H3K4/H3K27 Hypermethylation	Developmental abnormalities	F1	[145]
				Throughout the genome	H3K9ac
				lncRNA1354↓	ncRNA
	GD0–GD8.5	10% for 2 ml	Hippocampus	VGluT2↑, miR-467b-5p↓	Hypomethylation ncRNA	Hippocampal dysfunction	F1	[135]
	GD14–16/GD16	2.5 g/kg	Brain	miR-302c↑	ncRNA	FAS	F1	[136]
	GD18.5	2.0 g/kg	Hippocampus	Fstl1, Cep152, Uimc1 and so on	Histone acetylation	-	F0, F1	[133]

GD, gestational day; GABRD, δ subunit GABAA receptor; Dnmt1, DNA methyltransferase 1; Dnmt3a, DNA methyltransferase 3α; MeCP2, methyl-CpG binding protein 2; H19, H19 imprinted maternally expressed transcript; Nlgn3, neuroligin-3; Elavl2, ELAV-like RNA binding protein 2; Sim1, SIM BHLH transcription factor 1; Cyp4f13, cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily f polypeptide 13; VGluT2, vesicular glutamate transporter 2; IGF1, insulin like growth factor 1; P450scc, cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1; FAS, fetal alcohol syndrome

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ISSN: 0717-6287

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