Fig. 2

DCA and CA decrease mitochondrial biogenesis in C₂C₁₂ myotubes. a–b C₂C₁₂ cells were co-transfected with the plasmid containing PGC-1α promoter 2 kb coupled to luciferase gene and pRL-SV40 using Lipofectamine 3000. Further, the cells were differentiated for 4 days, and myotubes were incubated with 120 μM of DCA (a) and 500 μM of CA (b) for 24 h. Dual luciferase activities were measured and expressed as a fold of change. Values correspond to the mean ± SEM (n = 3 independent experiments, *p < 0.05. t-test. c–e C₂C₁₂ myotubes were incubated with 120 μM of DCA, and 500 μM of CA for 72 h, and protein levels of PGC-1α were detected by Western blot analysis using GAPDH levels as the loading control. Molecular weight markers are depicted in kDa. The quantitative analysis of value is expressed as folds of change for DCA (d) and CA (e). Values correspond to the mean ± SEM (n = 3 independent experiments, *p < 0.05. t-test)