Fig. 4From: Protocol paper: kainic acid excitotoxicity-induced spinal cord injury paraplegia in Sprague–Dawley ratsDiagrammatic representation of KA-induced spinal injury. A Marking of T11–T13 vertebrae. B Subcutaneous incision. C Exposure of muscle and spine. D Removal of the muscle layer. E Insertion of 26-G syringe in vertebral space between T12 and T13 vertebrae. F Syringe placement at 45°. G Slow perfusion of KA (0.1 µL/min). H Wound closureBack to article page