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Fig. 5 | Biological Research

Fig. 5

From: Characterization of metal(loid)s and antibiotic resistance in bacteria of human gut microbiota from chronic kidney disease subjects

Fig. 5

heat maps showing representative metal(loid)s resistance and antibiotic genes detected in samples from healthy versus CKD (all stages) subjects. A metal(loid)s resistance genes: cadA3k, arsC, cadA2k, arsA, merA and pbrA. For all cases analyzed, there was a tendency exhibit lower number of resistance genes to metal(loid)s, in particular, CKD patients tended to present a higher amount of cadA3k and then arsC compared to other resistance markers. In healthy patients, there was a tendency to present arsC and then cadA2k. B Antibiotic resistance genes observed were: arr2, catB4, qnrB1, strB, dhfr1, floR, tetA, ermB, acrB, and mefE1. The augmented tendency was observed for the dhfr1 gene in patients with CKD. Healthy patients tended to present arr2 and ermB genes, in slightly higher amounts compared to CKD patients. Groups were compared using Student t test, P < 0.0001 (***)

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