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Fig. 3 | Biological Research

Fig. 3

From: Tellurite and Selenite: how can these two oxyanions be chemically different yet so similar in the way they are transformed to their metal forms by bacteria?

Fig. 3

Pictorial overview of the concepts that emerged from the discussion. The cartoon reflects a Gram-negative cell with outer membrane (OM), periplasmic space, and inner membrane (IM), although many of the processes will be the same or similar in Gram-positives. Note: this is a generalized scheme, and the depicted processes may occur differently in different species/strains and growth conditions based on the bioenergetics of their systems. Question marks (?) indicate reactions or biochemical mechanisms not yet clarified, require more experimental support and/or not in agreement. Equations are simplified and are not defined stoichiometrically. See text for further details. Ch, stands for chalcogen metalloid, either selenium or tellurium, unless specifically indicated; GSH, reduced glutathione; CISM, complex iron-sulfur molybdoenzyme; TrxA, thrioredoxin; TrxB, thrioredoxin reductase; Grx, glutaredoxin; Gor, glutathione reductase; ndh-II, NADH:quinone oxidoreductase II; Icd, isocitrate dehydrogenase; Lpd, lipoamide dehydrogenase; Ahp, hydroperoxide reductase; norW, NADH:flavorubredoxin; Ccm, cytochrome C maturation; CydDC, glutathione/cysteine exporter; CysIJ, sulfite reductase; Pit, phosphate importers; SuT, sulfate transporters; Mphor, Metallophore/Siderophore; pmf, proton motive force; QH2, reduced quinone; Laws, Lawsone; e-, electrons; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; RSH or -SH, thiol-group containing compounds or amino acids; ROS, reactive oxygen species; NP. Coloration of the nanomaterials: orange or black is elemental Se or Te, respectively; red outline indicates cytoplasmic biomolecular coating; light blue is to suggest a lipid and/or EPS coating; pink coating to the Te rods to suggest a biosurfactant coating

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