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Table 1 General characteristics of the adult individuals

From: Methylation profile of the ADRB3 gene and its association with lipid profile and nutritional status in adults

  Mean Standard deviation Median N %
Demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics
 Gender
  Male – – – 79 30
  Female – – – 186 70
 Menopausal women (≥ 50 years)a     61 32.8
 Age
  20–59 years 40.3 14.3 39.5 265 100
 Education levelb
  Complete elementary school – – – 56 21.13
  ≥ Incomplete middle school – – – 209 78.9
Household income ($)c 1458.43 1595.5 820.51 265 100
 Alcohol consumption
  Yes – – – 42 15.8
  No – – – 223 84.2
 Smoker
  Yes – – – 21 8.0
  No – – – 244 92.0
 Physical activity (150 min/week)
  Yes     108 40.75
  No     157 59.24
  Days per week 4.5 1.4 4.5 108 48.0
  Duration of activity, min/week 403 220 360 108 40.75
Anthropometric characteristics
 Weight (kg) 72.11 16.74 71.6   
 Height (m) 1.63 0.09 1.62   
 BMI (kg/m2) 27.08 5.88 26.71   
 Waist (cm) 0.86 0.15 0.86   
 Hip (cm) 1.02 1.02 12.3   
Nutritional classification (kg/m2)d
 Underweight/normal weight 21.8 2.37 22.36 124 46.8
 Overweight 27.63 1.33 27.62 82 31
 Obese 34.63 4.95 32.81 59 22.2
Food intake
 Calories (kcal) 1678 390.6 1625   
 Total fat (g) 54.92 18.44 50.58   
 Cholesterol (mg) 216.94 125.82 187.16   
 Saturated Fat (g) 16.99 6.51 16.58   
 Monounsaturated Fat (g) 14.39 5.33 13.39   
 Polyunsaturated Fat (g) 13.64 7.55 12.1   
 Oleic acid (g) 10.23 4.47 9.32   
 Omega-6 (g) 6.30 2.70 6.07   
 Omega-3 (g) 0.70 0.44 0.59   
 Trans Fat (g) 0.65 0.4 0.56   
 Folate (mcg) 130.0 22 144.0   
Biochemical Tests
 Homocysteine (μmol/L)      
 Men (RV: 6.42 to 18.08) 11 9.8 6.6   
 Women (RV: 5.32 to 15.22) 10 8.5 5.95   
 Folic acid (RV: > 3.10 ng/mL) 13.5 5.1 12.5   
 Lipid profile (mg/dL)      
 Cholesterol (desirable VR: < 200) 184.2 42.5 178   
 LDL (desirable RV: 100–129) 103.5 51.4 95   
 HDL (desirable RV: > 60) 41.2 10.6 40   
 Triglycerides (desirable RV: < 150) 140 87.7 111   
Oxidative stress
 TAC (%) (RV: 0–100%) 41 14 42   
 MDA (RV: 2.3 to 4.0 µmol/L) 2.7 0.7 2.7   
DNA methylation
 ADRB3
  Unmethylated – – – 56 21.13
  Methylated – – – 133 50.18
  Partially methylated – – – 76 28.7
  Total     265 100
  1. RV reference value, BMI body mass index, TAC total antioxidant capacity, MDA malondialdehyde
  2. aAccording to the Ministry of Health (2008)
  3. bCompleted elementary school corresponds to 9 years of school, and ≥ complete elementary school corresponds to more than 10 years of school
  4. cThe income was based on the value of 3.90 BRL per USD
  5. dAccording to the WHO [48]
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