Fig. 3

TEM images of control roots showing the triangular shaped parenchymal cells and mitochondria with integrated cristae, and no appearance of peroxisomes and vacuoles (a, b). Ultrastructural images of root sections from 1 mg/ml Co₃O₄-NPs treatment groups showing extensive vacuoles with NPs aggregates, mitochondria with degenerated cristae and abundance of peroxisomes (c, d, f). The extracellular region of parenchymatic cells showing the nanoparticles aggregates (e). Vacuoles (V), mitochondria (M), peroxisomes (P), nanoparticles (NPs)