Fig. 5
Adhesion and competition assays of V. parahaemolyticus and L. rhamnosus strains in epithelial cell lines. a Adhesion assay. The figure shows the adhesion percentage of L. rhamnosus strains and V. parahaemolyticus in epithelial cell line (HEp-2, black bars) and colon carcinoma cell line (CaCo-2, gray bars) monolayers. The strains used were V. parahaemolyticus RIMD 2210633 (RIMD), L. rhamnosus wild type (L. rhamnosus), L. rhamnosus/pCWA-MAM-7 (pCWA-MAM7) and L. rhamnosus/pSEC-MAM-7 (pSEC-MAM7). The results were expressed such as the percentage of adhesion at 3 h compared with initial inoculums of each strain at time zero. The figure shows values expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three full biological replicates, each time in technical triplicate. *p < 0.001 (Student’s-Test). b Competition assay. The figure shows the results about the role of L. rhamnosus strains in the inhibition of V. parahaemolyticus from colonizing epithelial cell line (HEp-2, black bars) and colon carcinoma cell line (CaCo-2, gray bars) monolayers. The strains used were V. parahaemolyticus RIMD 2210633 (RIMD), L. rhamnosus wild type (L. rhamnosus), L. rhamnosus/pCWA-MAM-7 (pCWA-MAM7) and L. rhamnosus/pSEC-MAM-7 (pSEC-MAM7). Values expressed as a ration between the number of Lactobacillus strains UFC versus V. parahaemolyticus UFC after 3 h of monolayers 1:1 co-infection. The figure represents the result of three full biological replicates, each time in technical triplicate. The figure shows values expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three full biological replicates, each time in technical triplicate. *p < 0.001 (Student’s-Test)