Fig. 3

Effect of the TPF on mRNA expression in primary osteoclast cells. a TRAP⁺ cells are shown in red and the magnification in a represent ×10, b relative mRNA of Trap expression level, c relative mRNA of Cathepsin K expression level, d relative mRNA of Mmp-9 expression level and relative mRNA of Mmp-13 expression level. The data were expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 4) for each group. *p < 0.05